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来源：网信彩票2023-08-19 17:48

网信彩票

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

内蒙古政协委员的“双重身份”：关注“幸福感”捍卫“安全感”******

　　中新网呼和浩特1月11日电 (记者乌娅娜)内蒙古政协委员傅钰有着“双重身份”，他既是一名社会工作者，也是一名应急救援志愿者。

　　作为包头市社会工作发展中心理事长，傅钰如是介绍：“应该说有人群的地方，就有社会工作服务的内容。”

资料图。图为蓝天救援队工作瞬间。　傅钰摄

　　在傅钰看来，社会工作琐碎覆盖面广，却也意义重大：在社区开展老年群体身心健康、社会心理支持、老年营养改善、慢性病护理等工作；为学生进行免费的心理健康测评，开展中高考学生的心理减压等活动；重点针对一老一小一困一残，对有需求的个体和家庭提供的个案辅导；为特定群体提供团体的小组互助活动等。

　　如果说社会工作是为了提升人们的幸福感，那应急救援则关乎生命和安全。

　　傅钰同时也是内蒙古蓝天救援协会副会长。内蒙古蓝天救援协会目前已在内蒙古组建了14支蓝天救援志愿服务队，以及1支内蒙古科技大学蓝天救援大学生志愿服务队，共3000余名志愿者，从事各类型灾难和事故应急救援、疫情防控消杀、心理救援、医疗紧急救助、社区防灾减灾教育、安全教育等公益活动。仅2022年，内蒙古蓝天救援协会活动天数达345天。

　　担任新委员参加内蒙古自治区政协会议的傅钰，把“加强内蒙古基层应急力量建设”写进了自己的提案中，他说：“应坚持专业化与社会化相结合，推动乡镇街道、村居社区加快组建基层应急救援队伍，承担灾害事故先期处置和自救互救任务。”

资料图。图为蓝天救援队工作瞬间。　傅钰摄

　　傅钰建言，根据内蒙古灾害特点和需要，制定各盟市基层应急救援力量建设方案，以街镇为单位尽快建立标准化的街镇应急管理体制机制。同时，结合微型应急救援站(点)建设，加强社区应急处置的专业设备、物资的微型应急仓库的建设。强化应急队伍加强专兼职人员和志愿者的应急基础能力的培养，重点处置人群密集情况下火灾疏散逃生、地震疏散逃生、拥挤踩踏事件等。

　　在傅钰看来，他的这两个身份都与基层密不可分，“社会工作服务基层治理，而志愿服务却能温暖基层。”(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

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